A phased-array antenna is made up of multiple individual radiating elements and each is fed with an RF signal controlled through phase shifters in such a way that the radio waves from the separate antennas are added together to increase the radiation. The advantages inherent in phased-array systems will enable major new commercial applications, including 5G communications and automotive radar, to exploit the millimeter-wave (mmWave) spectrum. This white paper explores basic phased-array theory and the design considerations behind next-generation antenna systems, and examines the new capabilities recently added to electronic design automation (EDA) software such as the NI AWR Design Environment platform.
Antenna aperture tuning is essential to enable smartphones to operate efficiently over the ever-increasing range of RF frequency bands and support the transition to 5G. Smartphones need more antennas to support growing RF requirements such as new 5G bands, MIMO, and carrier aggregation (CA), but there is less space for these antennas due to changes in smartphone industrial design. As a result, antennas are becoming smaller, potentially reducing antenna efficiency and bandwidth. Aperture tuning compensates for this problem by allowing antennas to be tuned to operate efficiently on multiple bands and increasing Tx and Rx performance by 3 dB or more.
Wireless InSite’s Communication Systems Analysis module is a set of post-processing routines that builds on the X3D model’s high-fidelity MIMO calculations to predict system throughput and bit error rate. This example utilizes these routines to analyze throughput between three small-cell base stations employing Full Dimension (FD) MIMO beamforming to User Equipment (UE) moving along a route, using 5G New Radio (NR) in a dense urban environment.
Next-generation 4G/5G telecommunication systems require power amplifiers (PAs) to operate with high efficiency over a wide frequency range to provide multiband and multi-standard concurrent operation. This application note describes the design of an innovative Doherty amplifier architecture using 200-W high-efficiency broadband 1.8-2.7 GHz GaN high-electron mobility transistor (HEMT) technology, which achieved average efficiencies of 50-60 percent for output powers up to 100 W and significantly reduced the cost, size, and power consumption of the transmitters. The designers used the NI AWR Design Environment platform, specifically Microwave Office circuit design software.
Every time a new cellular phone standard comes out, we see new claims about the “end of Wi-Fi.” When 3G was announced, the promise was that it would make Wi‑Fi (802.11b) redundant, which clearly turned out to be incorrect. With 4G (LTE), this story repeated itself and claimed it would put Wi‑Fi (802.11ac) in the shredder. And now the 5G message is that it will cover both the inside and outside of homes and buildings. It’s almost as though Wi‑Fi will soon no longer be needed. This begs the question: What will be the impact of the next generation of Wi‑Fi, Wi-Fi 6 (802.11ax)? Do we even need it in the 5G/wireless landscape? This article discusses the answers.
Corry Micronics offers an array of components for 5G network filtering applications.
New technologies being deployed will need to rely on the performance of both high-power amplifiers on the transmit side, and low noise amplifiers on the receive side. Quantifying critical specifications like noise figure and noise power ratio can give radio and receiver designers a deep understanding of how the overall system will perform. Noisecom noises sources generate the broadband noise required to do this type of benchmarking and quantify component and system performance across the microwave and millimeter bands.
Compiled by The Next Generation Mobile Networks (NGMN) Alliance’s 5G Extreme Requirements task force – which includes contributors such as Jaya Rao, Huawei; Joachim Sachs, Ericsson; Alan Stidwell, David Lister, Vodafone; and Javan Erfanian, Bell Canada -- this white paper aims to highlight what implications and trade-offs related to the delivery of new 5G services are relevant for mobile network operators.
5G technologies promise to deliver higher data throughput, extremely low latency, and speeds up to 100 times faster than 4G. This paper explores the practical first steps of a roll out and focuses on the spectrum below 6 GHz as standards for millimeter-wave applications have yet to be determined.
Components for mmWave 5G communications systems should be chosen for their performance and cost. This white paper explores the use of DLI surface mount solderable filter components in RF systems to reduce the cost and complexity in 5G mmWave systems.
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