RFICs

PRODUCTS

  • Syringes GettyImages-171324030
    Plastic Syringe Assembly

    We cover the pre-assembly of a plastic syringe with cannula, as well as the final assembly of multi-component syringes (4-8 or 8-12 components).

  • S-Band GaN Solid State Power Amplifier (SSPA): VSS3607
    S-Band GaN Solid State 1.3 kW Power Amplifier Module: VSS3607

    CPI EDB presents the VSS3607 GaN solid state power amplifier (SSPAs) operating in the S-band (2.7 – 2.9 GHz). These high efficiency, high power, compact amplifiers are easy to maintain, and are designed for use in air surveillance radar applications.

  • LAF Downflow Booths For Weighting and Sampling Powders
    LAF Downflow Booths For Weighing And Sampling Powders

    The LAF Downflow Booth provides product and personnel protection during the weighing or sampling of powdered substances through precise air circulation.

  • PTXM1069
    Broadband Microwave Power Module: PTXM1069

    The PTXM1069 is an ultra compact modular microwave power module with an integrated “Super Mini” travelling wave tube (TWT), a solid state preamplifier, and an optimized high-density switch mode power supply to produce a single “drop-in” microwave amplifier block.

  • Isolated Antibody Drug Conjugates ADCs GettyImages-1438509824
    Antibody-Drug Conjugates

    Antibody drug conjugates (ADCs) are the emerging class of anti-cancer therapeutic drugs. ADCs combine an antibody capable of recognizing cancer cells and cytotoxic small-molecule drugs via cleavable or non-cleavable linkers, thereby transforming the 3-unit combination into a targeted therapeutic drug for cancer treatment. In recent years, ADCs have rapidly developed and there are not only more than 14 approved drugs on the market but also many investigational drugs undergoing clinical trials. Furthermore, ADCs have shown potential for treating various diseases beyond cancer, such as Autoimmune disorders, Infectious diseases, Inflammatory conditions and so on.  

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About Nutrient Removal

Nutrient removal from wastewater consists of treating wastewater to remove nitrogen and phosphorus before it reenters natural waterways. High levels of nitrogen and phosphorus in wastewater cause eutrophication, a process where excess nutrients stimulate excessive plant growth such as algal blooms and cyanobacteria. The decomposition of the algae by bacteria uses up the oxygen in the water causing other organisms to die. This creates more organic matter for the bacteria to decompose. In addition, some algal blooms can produce toxins that contaminate drinking water supplies.

As authorized by the Clean Water Act, the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit program regulates point sources, such as municipal wastewater treatment plants, that discharge pollutants as effluent into the waters of the United States. In recent years, many of the States’ environmental bodies have lowered nutrient limits to arrest eutrophication. Maryland’s effort to protect the Chesapeake Bay and its tidal tributaries is perhaps the most notable example of nutrient removal in the US. Nutrient removal continues to be a growing area of focus for wastewater treatment throughout the world.   

The removal of nitrogen and phosphorus require different nutrient removal processes. To remove nitrogen, the nitrogen is oxidized from ammonia to become nitrate through a process called nitrification. This process is then followed by denitrification where the nitrate is reduced to nitrogen gas which is released to the atmosphere and removed from the wastewater.

Nitrification is a two-step aerobic process which typically takes place in aeration tanks. Denitrification requires anoxic conditions to encourage the appropriate biological conditions to form. The activated sludge process is often used to reduce nitrate to nitrogen gas in anoxic or denitrification tanks.

Phosphorus can be removed biologically using polyphosphate accumulating organisms (PAOs) which accumulate large quantities of phosphorus within their cells and separate it from treated water. Phosphorus removal can also be achieved by chemical removal. Once removed as sludge, phosphorus may be stored in a land fill. However, many municipalities and treatment facilities are looking to resell the biosolids for use in fertilizer.