RFICs

PRODUCTS

  • Nitrowave RF coaxial cables offer improved stability with flexure over time. The coaxial structure is designed to meet the demands of aerospace, defense, datacom, and many other growing markets.

  • This collaborative automated sample handler eliminates manual sample handling enabling testing of large sample sets and collection of statistically significant data, while freeing analyst’s time. The FMS Automation Module has a sample capacity of hundreds of vials and can complete headspace testing with a throughput as high as 300 samples per hour.

  • Light Sheet Re-Imagined

    STELLARIS 5 and STELLARIS 8 Digital LightSheet (DLS) unite in one place a confocal system and a light sheet microscope – a unique combination aimed to make your research more versatile. The exclusive vertical design of DLS, enabled by Leica Microsystems’ proprietary TwinFlect mirrors, allows you to combine confocal and light sheet imaging in the same system, so you can easily adapt the microscopy method to your experimental needs.

  • As the industry’s most advanced digital construction management system, Trimble e-Builder enables efficiencies across the entire design-build lifecycle, with a smooth transition to the operation phase. Reduce risk, enhance collaboration and improve outcomes using the industry-leading digital project delivery software for owners.

  • The C10-2800WG is a WR28 10dB waveguide coupler featuring high directivity over a 26.5-40GHz operational bandwidth.

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About Nutrient Removal

Nutrient removal from wastewater consists of treating wastewater to remove nitrogen and phosphorus before it reenters natural waterways. High levels of nitrogen and phosphorus in wastewater cause eutrophication, a process where excess nutrients stimulate excessive plant growth such as algal blooms and cyanobacteria. The decomposition of the algae by bacteria uses up the oxygen in the water causing other organisms to die. This creates more organic matter for the bacteria to decompose. In addition, some algal blooms can produce toxins that contaminate drinking water supplies.

As authorized by the Clean Water Act, the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit program regulates point sources, such as municipal wastewater treatment plants, that discharge pollutants as effluent into the waters of the United States. In recent years, many of the States’ environmental bodies have lowered nutrient limits to arrest eutrophication. Maryland’s effort to protect the Chesapeake Bay and its tidal tributaries is perhaps the most notable example of nutrient removal in the US. Nutrient removal continues to be a growing area of focus for wastewater treatment throughout the world.   

The removal of nitrogen and phosphorus require different nutrient removal processes. To remove nitrogen, the nitrogen is oxidized from ammonia to become nitrate through a process called nitrification. This process is then followed by denitrification where the nitrate is reduced to nitrogen gas which is released to the atmosphere and removed from the wastewater.

Nitrification is a two-step aerobic process which typically takes place in aeration tanks. Denitrification requires anoxic conditions to encourage the appropriate biological conditions to form. The activated sludge process is often used to reduce nitrate to nitrogen gas in anoxic or denitrification tanks.

Phosphorus can be removed biologically using polyphosphate accumulating organisms (PAOs) which accumulate large quantities of phosphorus within their cells and separate it from treated water. Phosphorus removal can also be achieved by chemical removal. Once removed as sludge, phosphorus may be stored in a land fill. However, many municipalities and treatment facilities are looking to resell the biosolids for use in fertilizer.