RFICs

PRODUCTS

  • Open-Restricted-Access-Barrier-System
    Open Restricted Access Barrier System (RABS) From Franz Ziel

    Open RABS as a housing for aseptic processes, e.g., filling, loading, and unloading of freeze dryers. Product protection is achieved by a barrier (oRABS housing with gloves) between the operator and the product.

  • Caron CO2 Incubator with Touchscreen Controller
    Unused Caron CO2 Incubator System

    Unused Caron CO2 incubator with touchscreen display controller, model 7401-33-1, R134A refrigerant, 115V, 60 Hz, serial# 7401-33-1-277, with Unused Caron Products condensate recirculating system, model CRSY-102-1. Water purity (measured internally): 100 to 125 K Ω/cm, water reservoir: 7 gallons (26.5 liters), serial# CRSY102-1-1240.

  • StabilityTVAC Thermal Vacuum Cable Assembly
    StabilityTVAC Thermal Vacuum Cable Assembly

    Stability TVAC Thermal Vacuum chambers replicate the extreme conditions of space, enabling the testing of space components.

  • GaN Foundry Services
    Custom Foundry Services

    Sensors Unlimited offers Trusted Foundry III-V wafer services, from fabrication to testing, enabling high-performance infrared devices for commercial, military, and space applications without in-house manufacturing.

  • Glatt Mini Glatt 5 Fluid Bed Dryer
    Used Glatt Pharmaceutical Fluid Bed Dryer: Mini Glatt 5

    Used Glatt Mini Glatt 5 fluid bed dryer, stainless steel construction, 3.3 bar shock rating, electrically heated, EX and CE design with FSA 02 ATEX 1503 X rating for process area EX 11 2 G 1 D, d T4, 220-230 volt, proejct# 9548, built 2007.

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About Nutrient Removal

Nutrient removal from wastewater consists of treating wastewater to remove nitrogen and phosphorus before it reenters natural waterways. High levels of nitrogen and phosphorus in wastewater cause eutrophication, a process where excess nutrients stimulate excessive plant growth such as algal blooms and cyanobacteria. The decomposition of the algae by bacteria uses up the oxygen in the water causing other organisms to die. This creates more organic matter for the bacteria to decompose. In addition, some algal blooms can produce toxins that contaminate drinking water supplies.

As authorized by the Clean Water Act, the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit program regulates point sources, such as municipal wastewater treatment plants, that discharge pollutants as effluent into the waters of the United States. In recent years, many of the States’ environmental bodies have lowered nutrient limits to arrest eutrophication. Maryland’s effort to protect the Chesapeake Bay and its tidal tributaries is perhaps the most notable example of nutrient removal in the US. Nutrient removal continues to be a growing area of focus for wastewater treatment throughout the world.   

The removal of nitrogen and phosphorus require different nutrient removal processes. To remove nitrogen, the nitrogen is oxidized from ammonia to become nitrate through a process called nitrification. This process is then followed by denitrification where the nitrate is reduced to nitrogen gas which is released to the atmosphere and removed from the wastewater.

Nitrification is a two-step aerobic process which typically takes place in aeration tanks. Denitrification requires anoxic conditions to encourage the appropriate biological conditions to form. The activated sludge process is often used to reduce nitrate to nitrogen gas in anoxic or denitrification tanks.

Phosphorus can be removed biologically using polyphosphate accumulating organisms (PAOs) which accumulate large quantities of phosphorus within their cells and separate it from treated water. Phosphorus removal can also be achieved by chemical removal. Once removed as sludge, phosphorus may be stored in a land fill. However, many municipalities and treatment facilities are looking to resell the biosolids for use in fertilizer.