RFICs

PRODUCTS

  • GRF2010 is a broadband gain block with exceptional gain flatness for small cell, wireless infrastructure and other high performance applications.

  • The MFBP-00075CH passive MMIC bandpass filter die is an ideal solution for small form factor, high rejection filtering.

  • The Pharsighted E9-80S is the world's first full-frame, backside-illuminated high-speed camera, offering exceptional speed and light sensitivity for visualization at over 100,000fps.

  • Tesco Controls has been engineering, manufacturing, and integrating low-voltage (600V and below) power distribution equipment for the water / wastewater industries for over 40 years. TESCO is a UL-approved Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM) of low-voltage (600V and below) electrical switchboards that include both indoor and outdoor applications.

  • The AMP4037-2 Suite solid-state, high-power amplifier operates in two high-frequency bands, Band A spanning 18 to 26.5 GHz and Band B covering 26.5 to 40.0 GHz, delivering exceptional performance across a wide frequency range.

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About Nutrient Removal

Nutrient removal from wastewater consists of treating wastewater to remove nitrogen and phosphorus before it reenters natural waterways. High levels of nitrogen and phosphorus in wastewater cause eutrophication, a process where excess nutrients stimulate excessive plant growth such as algal blooms and cyanobacteria. The decomposition of the algae by bacteria uses up the oxygen in the water causing other organisms to die. This creates more organic matter for the bacteria to decompose. In addition, some algal blooms can produce toxins that contaminate drinking water supplies.

As authorized by the Clean Water Act, the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit program regulates point sources, such as municipal wastewater treatment plants, that discharge pollutants as effluent into the waters of the United States. In recent years, many of the States’ environmental bodies have lowered nutrient limits to arrest eutrophication. Maryland’s effort to protect the Chesapeake Bay and its tidal tributaries is perhaps the most notable example of nutrient removal in the US. Nutrient removal continues to be a growing area of focus for wastewater treatment throughout the world.   

The removal of nitrogen and phosphorus require different nutrient removal processes. To remove nitrogen, the nitrogen is oxidized from ammonia to become nitrate through a process called nitrification. This process is then followed by denitrification where the nitrate is reduced to nitrogen gas which is released to the atmosphere and removed from the wastewater.

Nitrification is a two-step aerobic process which typically takes place in aeration tanks. Denitrification requires anoxic conditions to encourage the appropriate biological conditions to form. The activated sludge process is often used to reduce nitrate to nitrogen gas in anoxic or denitrification tanks.

Phosphorus can be removed biologically using polyphosphate accumulating organisms (PAOs) which accumulate large quantities of phosphorus within their cells and separate it from treated water. Phosphorus removal can also be achieved by chemical removal. Once removed as sludge, phosphorus may be stored in a land fill. However, many municipalities and treatment facilities are looking to resell the biosolids for use in fertilizer.