RFICs

PRODUCTS

  • Gallery_MCO-171AICUVD_front_Large
    High Heat Sterilization CO2 Incubator For Cell Culture Applications

    PHCbi's high heat sterilization CO2 incubator offers advanced contamination protection while streamlining laboratory operations and helping reduce environmental impact. Its stackable design and improved insulation offers added flexibility and a space-saving solution for busy labs—allowing one incubator in a stack to be decontaminated while neighboring incubators continue operating at set point. This incubator eliminates the need for consumables like HEPA filters and UV-mercury based bulbs using an eco-friendly, long-lasting UV-LED based bulb.

  • Isolated Antibody Drug Conjugates ADCs GettyImages-1438509824
    Antibody-Drug Conjugates

    Antibody drug conjugates (ADCs) are the emerging class of anti-cancer therapeutic drugs. ADCs combine an antibody capable of recognizing cancer cells and cytotoxic small-molecule drugs via cleavable or non-cleavable linkers, thereby transforming the 3-unit combination into a targeted therapeutic drug for cancer treatment. In recent years, ADCs have rapidly developed and there are not only more than 14 approved drugs on the market but also many investigational drugs undergoing clinical trials. Furthermore, ADCs have shown potential for treating various diseases beyond cancer, such as Autoimmune disorders, Infectious diseases, Inflammatory conditions and so on.  

  • PBS Biotech - PBS-1 bioreactor
    Mini Vertical-Wheel Bioreactor: PBS-0.1

    The PBS-0.1 Mini single use bioreactor is compatible with 60mL-100mL working volumes and is the best starting point for optimizing cell therapies by leveraging the benefits of Vertical-Wheel mixing that can be easily scaled up for larger volumes.

  • Unity-Screenshot_Water-Online-450x300_42224 (002)
    Trimble Unity

    Meaningful insights. Better results. Smarter utility management. Trimble Unity software platform offers a suite of applications and tools to support smart water management. Includes advanced workflows to map, manage, measure and improve asset performance.

  • GettyImages-2036497686-lab-team-collaboration-laboratory-tablet-computer
    Comprehensive Services Ranging From Early Phase To Finished Products

    Eurofins PSS Insourcing Solutions® (PSS) is a global, award-winning managed service provider that places our people at your site dedicated to running and managing your manufacturing and laboratory services while eliminating headcount, co-employment and project-management worries.

WHITE PAPERS AND CASE STUDIES

NEWS

ABOUT

 

About Nutrient Removal

Nutrient removal from wastewater consists of treating wastewater to remove nitrogen and phosphorus before it reenters natural waterways. High levels of nitrogen and phosphorus in wastewater cause eutrophication, a process where excess nutrients stimulate excessive plant growth such as algal blooms and cyanobacteria. The decomposition of the algae by bacteria uses up the oxygen in the water causing other organisms to die. This creates more organic matter for the bacteria to decompose. In addition, some algal blooms can produce toxins that contaminate drinking water supplies.

As authorized by the Clean Water Act, the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit program regulates point sources, such as municipal wastewater treatment plants, that discharge pollutants as effluent into the waters of the United States. In recent years, many of the States’ environmental bodies have lowered nutrient limits to arrest eutrophication. Maryland’s effort to protect the Chesapeake Bay and its tidal tributaries is perhaps the most notable example of nutrient removal in the US. Nutrient removal continues to be a growing area of focus for wastewater treatment throughout the world.   

The removal of nitrogen and phosphorus require different nutrient removal processes. To remove nitrogen, the nitrogen is oxidized from ammonia to become nitrate through a process called nitrification. This process is then followed by denitrification where the nitrate is reduced to nitrogen gas which is released to the atmosphere and removed from the wastewater.

Nitrification is a two-step aerobic process which typically takes place in aeration tanks. Denitrification requires anoxic conditions to encourage the appropriate biological conditions to form. The activated sludge process is often used to reduce nitrate to nitrogen gas in anoxic or denitrification tanks.

Phosphorus can be removed biologically using polyphosphate accumulating organisms (PAOs) which accumulate large quantities of phosphorus within their cells and separate it from treated water. Phosphorus removal can also be achieved by chemical removal. Once removed as sludge, phosphorus may be stored in a land fill. However, many municipalities and treatment facilities are looking to resell the biosolids for use in fertilizer.