RFICs

PRODUCTS

  • VPX3469a
    300 kW Magnetron Transmitter: 3469 Series

    CPI EDB offers the 3469 magnetron transmitter system for use as a high-power source of RF power for outdoor-mounted radar applications. The transmitter cabinet contains the high voltage power supply, solid-state switch, and the high voltage tank assembly which includes the pulse transformer, energy storage high voltage capacitor, and filament power supply.

  • Samtec - Nitrowave
    High-Performance RF Microwave Cable Assemblies: Nitrowave Series

    Nitrowave RF coaxial cables offer improved stability with flexure over time. The coaxial structure is designed to meet the demands of aerospace, defense, datacom, and many other growing markets.

  • GettyImages-1097562996-pill-tablet-capsule-OSD-oral-solid
    Your Partner In Oral Dosage Development And Commercialization

    At Mikart, our mission is to leverage our technical expertise in pharmaceutical development and manufacturing to deliver services that meet the diverse needs of our customers. 

  • Medicine-pills-tablets-GettyImages-545993684
    USP<1062> Tablet Compression Characterization

    Natoli Scientific takes pride in its comprehensive USP<1062> Tablet Compression Characterization services, tailored to address the complexities of tableting in pharmaceutical manufacturing. Staying true to the parameters outlined in the United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Chapter 1062, our approach meticulously evaluates tablet compression behaviors. By thoroughly characterizing the compression profile, we can pinpoint the optimal compression force required to form a cohesive tablet without applying undue stress that could lead to capping — the separation of tablet tops during or after the compression phase.

  • LAF Downflow Booths For Weighting and Sampling Powders
    LAF Downflow Booths For Weighing And Sampling Powders

    The LAF Downflow Booth provides product and personnel protection during the weighing or sampling of powdered substances through precise air circulation.

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About Nutrient Removal

Nutrient removal from wastewater consists of treating wastewater to remove nitrogen and phosphorus before it reenters natural waterways. High levels of nitrogen and phosphorus in wastewater cause eutrophication, a process where excess nutrients stimulate excessive plant growth such as algal blooms and cyanobacteria. The decomposition of the algae by bacteria uses up the oxygen in the water causing other organisms to die. This creates more organic matter for the bacteria to decompose. In addition, some algal blooms can produce toxins that contaminate drinking water supplies.

As authorized by the Clean Water Act, the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit program regulates point sources, such as municipal wastewater treatment plants, that discharge pollutants as effluent into the waters of the United States. In recent years, many of the States’ environmental bodies have lowered nutrient limits to arrest eutrophication. Maryland’s effort to protect the Chesapeake Bay and its tidal tributaries is perhaps the most notable example of nutrient removal in the US. Nutrient removal continues to be a growing area of focus for wastewater treatment throughout the world.   

The removal of nitrogen and phosphorus require different nutrient removal processes. To remove nitrogen, the nitrogen is oxidized from ammonia to become nitrate through a process called nitrification. This process is then followed by denitrification where the nitrate is reduced to nitrogen gas which is released to the atmosphere and removed from the wastewater.

Nitrification is a two-step aerobic process which typically takes place in aeration tanks. Denitrification requires anoxic conditions to encourage the appropriate biological conditions to form. The activated sludge process is often used to reduce nitrate to nitrogen gas in anoxic or denitrification tanks.

Phosphorus can be removed biologically using polyphosphate accumulating organisms (PAOs) which accumulate large quantities of phosphorus within their cells and separate it from treated water. Phosphorus removal can also be achieved by chemical removal. Once removed as sludge, phosphorus may be stored in a land fill. However, many municipalities and treatment facilities are looking to resell the biosolids for use in fertilizer.