RFICs
PRODUCTS
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Free your safety and clinical teams to focus on what matters most.
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Aragen offers choice of CLD platforms, efficient Upstream and Downstream process development
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Autodesk® Info360® Plant is a cloud-based operational analytics solution within the Info360 platform designed specifically for water and wastewater treatment plants to improve real-time data analysis and enable workflows associated with performance, compliance, and improvement planning.
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Access Raman data faster than ever with this easy-to-use point-and-shoot Raman Microscope.
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Autodesk AutoCAD equips architects, engineers, and construction professionals with precision tools that will provide them with a variety of new capabilities.
WHITE PAPERS AND CASE STUDIES
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Fyfe - 100-Year-Old Bridge Piers Rehabilitated
Protecting historic marine infrastructure requires durable, environmentally safe solutions. Fiber-reinforced polymer wraps provide an impermeable, high-strength jacket for aging concrete piers, preventing water intrusion and environmental degradation while ensuring long-term structural reliability in sensitive reservoir environments.
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Expand Bandwidth With A Trusted Regulatory Writing Partner
Find out how a mid-size biotech lacking the bandwidth, expertise, and resources to independently handle its regulatory writing requirements overcame this challenge.
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Illumina Fortifies Supplier Relationship With Digitalization
Illumina improved its quality management by adopting digitalization, enhancing supplier collaboration and efficiency in monitoring, while transitioning from rigid manual processes to a streamlined, integrated system.
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Redefining Accessibility For Pediatric Patients
Explore how meeting patients where they are can redefine what successful pediatric trial delivery looks like.
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eSource For A COVID Treatment Trial
Unearth how this emerging biopharmaceutical company was able to overcome challenges to successfully facilitate a Phase 2 trial for a COVID-19 treatment in critically ill patients.
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Overcoming Analytical Bottlenecks In Oligonucleotide Drug Development With Automation
Growing oligonucleotide complexity is straining traditional analytical workflows. See how automated LC‑UV‑MS processing offers a scalable way to boost throughput and reduce manual effort.
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Pasteurized Equivalent Water Treatment At High Desert Milk, Idaho, US
Learn how High Desert Milk, a cooperative in Idaho, optimized their water treatment process using HOD™ UV technology, ensuring FDA compliance while significantly reducing water and energy consumption.
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End-To-End Clinical, Biometrics, And Regulatory Support In Neurology
Discover how an integrated NDA strategy aligned data, vendors, and regulatory execution to achieve an on-time submission and approval without major FDA queries.
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Revolutionizing Viral Infectious Disease Research And Drug Discovery
Learn how Organ-Chips are being used to rapidly identify promising treatments, investigate virus evolution, and analyze how mechanical forces influence the innate immune response to viral infections.
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Successful SwissMedic Marketing Authorization Application For An Oncology Therapy
See how strategic EU dossier adaptation and Swiss-specific regulatory expertise enabled a successful SwissMedic submission and accelerated market access for an oncology therapy.
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Achieving Faster Timelines And Cost Savings Through Digital Validation
Examine how the Project Ready program was leveraged to streamline validation processes for a CDMO, resulting in a 25% reduction in budget and faster project completion.
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AMERICAN SpiralWeld Pipe Performs In New Music City Stadium Project
Read about a project at the Nissan Stadium in Nashville, TN, that involved SpiralWeld Pipe.
NEWS
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Sticking To Innovation: The Surprising Role Of Tape In terahertz Photonics8/20/2025
Could the key to next-generation photonic devices be hiding in your drawer? For Professor Jean-Michel Ménard, an ordinary roll of tape proved essential in building groundbreaking terahertz filters that are set to transform wireless tech, imaging and diagnostics.
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FF-10832 Granted FDA Orphan Drug Designation For The Treatment Of Biliary Tract Cancer7/7/2025
FUJIFILM Pharmaceuticals U.S.A., Inc., drug development center and a leading provider of Contract Development and Manufacturing Organization (CDMO) services for drug delivery system (DDS) technologies, today announced that the U.S.
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Quickbase Project Hub: A Construction Platform For Real-Time Visibility And Control4/16/2025
Quickbase, the AI-powered operations platform, today announced the Project Hub Pro App, a construction project visibility tool allowing general and specialty contractors to stay ahead of risks and make informed decisions across all projects.
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ZEISS Supports The Transition Of Spatial Biology To Clinical Research4/28/2025
Today marks the global launch of ZEISS Axioscan 7 spatial biology. The newly optimized slide scanner is the central component of a novel analytical workflow solution portfolio – spanning from sample staining to result reports – tailored to spatial biology applications in clinical research environments.
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Solar Boost For Poland: VSB Group Wins Auction Contract For 303 MWp Solar Park In Lower Silesia7/23/2025
As part of this year’s renewable energy auction organized by the Polish Energy Regulatory Office (URE), VSB has secured a contract for difference (CfD) for a 303 megawatt-peak (MWp) solar park: the largest solar project in the history of the VSB Group to date.
ABOUT
About Nutrient Removal
Nutrient removal from wastewater consists of treating wastewater to remove nitrogen and phosphorus before it reenters natural waterways. High levels of nitrogen and phosphorus in wastewater cause eutrophication, a process where excess nutrients stimulate excessive plant growth such as algal blooms and cyanobacteria. The decomposition of the algae by bacteria uses up the oxygen in the water causing other organisms to die. This creates more organic matter for the bacteria to decompose. In addition, some algal blooms can produce toxins that contaminate drinking water supplies.
As authorized by the Clean Water Act, the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit program regulates point sources, such as municipal wastewater treatment plants, that discharge pollutants as effluent into the waters of the United States. In recent years, many of the States’ environmental bodies have lowered nutrient limits to arrest eutrophication. Maryland’s effort to protect the Chesapeake Bay and its tidal tributaries is perhaps the most notable example of nutrient removal in the US. Nutrient removal continues to be a growing area of focus for wastewater treatment throughout the world.
The removal of nitrogen and phosphorus require different nutrient removal processes. To remove nitrogen, the nitrogen is oxidized from ammonia to become nitrate through a process called nitrification. This process is then followed by denitrification where the nitrate is reduced to nitrogen gas which is released to the atmosphere and removed from the wastewater.
Nitrification is a two-step aerobic process which typically takes place in aeration tanks. Denitrification requires anoxic conditions to encourage the appropriate biological conditions to form. The activated sludge process is often used to reduce nitrate to nitrogen gas in anoxic or denitrification tanks.
Phosphorus can be removed biologically using polyphosphate accumulating organisms (PAOs) which accumulate large quantities of phosphorus within their cells and separate it from treated water. Phosphorus removal can also be achieved by chemical removal. Once removed as sludge, phosphorus may be stored in a land fill. However, many municipalities and treatment facilities are looking to resell the biosolids for use in fertilizer.