RFICs
PRODUCTS
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The MM1-1886HCSP2 is a highly linear passive GaAs double balanced MMIC mixer suitable for both up and down-conversion applications.
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The AMP20162 solid state high-power amplifier is designed for EMI/RFI testing, laboratory use, and general communication applications.
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Scientific knowledge to strategize viable and efficient drug and device development pathways to achieve successful outcomes.
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Accelerate your drug development with our comprehensive pre-formulation, formulation, and novel delivery system expertise, tailored to optimize physical form, enhance solubility, and support scale-up.
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Nitrowave RF coaxial cables offer improved stability with flexure over time. The coaxial structure is designed to meet the demands of aerospace, defense, datacom, and many other growing markets.
WHITE PAPERS AND CASE STUDIES
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Avoiding Unplanned Outages In Water Treatment
Maintenance professionals within water and wastewater Treatment facilities are as busy as ever. To keep up with growing demands on their time, they are always looking for ways to improve the reliability and maintenance requirements within their scope of responsibility.
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Mobile Sterile Compounding Pharmacy USP 797/800
Learn how Germfree's 53-foot mobile cleanroom trailer ensured uninterrupted sterile drug compounding during a facility renovation.
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Prefabricated Viral Vector Modular BSL-2LS cGMP Facility In 13 Months
Learn about the modular BSL-2LS cGMP facility that was constructed to support 3 processing lines for German-based CDMO Vibalogics as the company sought to expand in the U.S. market for viral vectors.
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Revolutionizing Viral Infectious Disease Research And Drug Discovery
Learn how Organ-Chips are being used to rapidly identify promising treatments, investigate virus evolution, and analyze how mechanical forces influence the innate immune response to viral infections.
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Relieving Pressure During Preparation Of A High-Volume sNDA
Managing a complex sNDA under pressure? See how one sponsor achieved an early FDA submission through coordinated publishing, regulatory strategy, and flawless execution.
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Supporting A CAR T-Cell Therapy Study In Hematologic Malignancies
To address a life-threatening complication of immunotherapy in hematologic malignancies, a U.S. biotech company developed a novel compound.
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Innovative Water Reuse Solutions With Xylem's Advanced Treatment Technology
Transitioning to advanced purification methods like UV-hypochlorite oxidation allows municipalities to secure reliable, local water supplies. These strategies mitigate drought risks and protect coastal environments by transforming wastewater into a high-quality resource for reuse.
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Oxygen On Demand: How A Gulf Coast Refinery Overcame High COD Challenges With A Rapid H2O2 Dosing System
The Gulf Coast Refinery approached USP Technologies (USP) to engineer a bulk H2O2 chemical dosing system sized to meet the plant’s D.O. demand
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Enabling Gene Therapy Access Using A Cell-Based Companion Diagnostic (CDx)
This study highlights how we overcame developmental challenges by employing a customized approach that leveraged scientific expertise, strategic collaboration, and effective governance.
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A 50-Year Partnership Leads To Successful HDD Installation Of 48-Inch AMERICAN SpiralWeld Pipe
When the Grand Strand Water and Sewer Authority engaged Ruby-Collins, Inc. to expand and upgrade its water and sewer system, Ruby-Collins President and CEO Scott Cline knew the job would be challenging – beginning with the project’s scale. A key feature in the upgrade was the installation of a 48-inch spiral-welded steel pipe water main that was coated in polyurethane and five miles long.
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Controlled Production Of MSC-Derived EVs In Stirred-Tank Bioreactors
Learn how stirred-tank bioreactors overcome the scalability limitations of static culture for MSC-EV production, while Raman spectroscopy provides unprecedented real-time quality monitoring during production.
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Acoustic Sewer Inspection Saves Oakland, Maine, Time And Money
Discover how the SL-Rat program realized over $51,000 in crew labor and financial savings, while reducing the risk of sanitary sewer maintenance issues, for the town of Oakland, Maine.
NEWS
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Quickbase Project Hub: A Construction Platform For Real-Time Visibility And Control4/16/2025
Quickbase, the AI-powered operations platform, today announced the Project Hub Pro App, a construction project visibility tool allowing general and specialty contractors to stay ahead of risks and make informed decisions across all projects.
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Repligen Corporation & Univercells Technologies Partner TO Enable Real-Time Monitoring OF Viral Vector And Vaccine Biomanufacturing7/9/2025
Univercells Technologies, a Donaldson Life Sciences business and global provider of bioprocessing solutions, announced a collaboration with Repligen Corporation to integrate real-time monitoring capabilities and enhance the development and manufacturing of viral vectors and vaccines.
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Sticking To Innovation: The Surprising Role Of Tape In terahertz Photonics8/20/2025
Could the key to next-generation photonic devices be hiding in your drawer? For Professor Jean-Michel Ménard, an ordinary roll of tape proved essential in building groundbreaking terahertz filters that are set to transform wireless tech, imaging and diagnostics.
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KRYTAR Celebrating 50-year Anniversary Serving the RF/Microwave Community5/15/2025
You’re Invited to Stop by KRYTAR Booth 1635 during IMS2025
ABOUT
About Nutrient Removal
Nutrient removal from wastewater consists of treating wastewater to remove nitrogen and phosphorus before it reenters natural waterways. High levels of nitrogen and phosphorus in wastewater cause eutrophication, a process where excess nutrients stimulate excessive plant growth such as algal blooms and cyanobacteria. The decomposition of the algae by bacteria uses up the oxygen in the water causing other organisms to die. This creates more organic matter for the bacteria to decompose. In addition, some algal blooms can produce toxins that contaminate drinking water supplies.
As authorized by the Clean Water Act, the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit program regulates point sources, such as municipal wastewater treatment plants, that discharge pollutants as effluent into the waters of the United States. In recent years, many of the States’ environmental bodies have lowered nutrient limits to arrest eutrophication. Maryland’s effort to protect the Chesapeake Bay and its tidal tributaries is perhaps the most notable example of nutrient removal in the US. Nutrient removal continues to be a growing area of focus for wastewater treatment throughout the world.
The removal of nitrogen and phosphorus require different nutrient removal processes. To remove nitrogen, the nitrogen is oxidized from ammonia to become nitrate through a process called nitrification. This process is then followed by denitrification where the nitrate is reduced to nitrogen gas which is released to the atmosphere and removed from the wastewater.
Nitrification is a two-step aerobic process which typically takes place in aeration tanks. Denitrification requires anoxic conditions to encourage the appropriate biological conditions to form. The activated sludge process is often used to reduce nitrate to nitrogen gas in anoxic or denitrification tanks.
Phosphorus can be removed biologically using polyphosphate accumulating organisms (PAOs) which accumulate large quantities of phosphorus within their cells and separate it from treated water. Phosphorus removal can also be achieved by chemical removal. Once removed as sludge, phosphorus may be stored in a land fill. However, many municipalities and treatment facilities are looking to resell the biosolids for use in fertilizer.