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  • Cell3iMager
    Imaging And Analysis System For 3D Cell Cultures

    The Cell3iMager series instruments are imaging systems that capture and analyze 2D and 3D cultured cells at high-speed using SCREEN’s unique optical system and image processing technology.

  • 70 Volt Motor Control & Drive SoC: PAC52700
    70 Volt Motor Control & Drive SoC: PAC52700

    PAC52700 is designed for motor control and general-purpose applications. It features a 32-bit microcontroller offering a compact and versatile solution for various applications.

  • Finwave - IMS 2024
    High-Performance, Broadband RF Switches Featuring GaN On Si Technology

    Finwave's high-performance, broadband RF switches utilize unique GaN on Si technology to offer a combination of fast switching and fast settling times, broadband operation, and robust power handling.

  • T cells GettyImages-956478348
    Cell Therapy CDMO Services

    Selecting a manufacturing partner who can manage all aspects of your product development lifecycle and associated supply chain is essential to improve efficiency and product quality.

  • Project Management GettyImages-1335717953
    Program & Project Management

    While there are industry standards for program and project management, each company has a unique culture and is at a different point in their product development journey. Verista's experienced team works with you to effectively manage and control your project, programs and portfolios.

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About Nutrient Removal

Nutrient removal from wastewater consists of treating wastewater to remove nitrogen and phosphorus before it reenters natural waterways. High levels of nitrogen and phosphorus in wastewater cause eutrophication, a process where excess nutrients stimulate excessive plant growth such as algal blooms and cyanobacteria. The decomposition of the algae by bacteria uses up the oxygen in the water causing other organisms to die. This creates more organic matter for the bacteria to decompose. In addition, some algal blooms can produce toxins that contaminate drinking water supplies.

As authorized by the Clean Water Act, the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit program regulates point sources, such as municipal wastewater treatment plants, that discharge pollutants as effluent into the waters of the United States. In recent years, many of the States’ environmental bodies have lowered nutrient limits to arrest eutrophication. Maryland’s effort to protect the Chesapeake Bay and its tidal tributaries is perhaps the most notable example of nutrient removal in the US. Nutrient removal continues to be a growing area of focus for wastewater treatment throughout the world.   

The removal of nitrogen and phosphorus require different nutrient removal processes. To remove nitrogen, the nitrogen is oxidized from ammonia to become nitrate through a process called nitrification. This process is then followed by denitrification where the nitrate is reduced to nitrogen gas which is released to the atmosphere and removed from the wastewater.

Nitrification is a two-step aerobic process which typically takes place in aeration tanks. Denitrification requires anoxic conditions to encourage the appropriate biological conditions to form. The activated sludge process is often used to reduce nitrate to nitrogen gas in anoxic or denitrification tanks.

Phosphorus can be removed biologically using polyphosphate accumulating organisms (PAOs) which accumulate large quantities of phosphorus within their cells and separate it from treated water. Phosphorus removal can also be achieved by chemical removal. Once removed as sludge, phosphorus may be stored in a land fill. However, many municipalities and treatment facilities are looking to resell the biosolids for use in fertilizer.