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  • Aseptic-Pharmaceutical-Isolators-from-Franz-Ziel
    Aseptic Pharmaceutical Isolators From Franz Ziel

    Isolators with product protection as a housing for aseptic processes, e.g., filling, loading and unloading of freeze dryers.

  • Multilog-LX2
    Multilog LX2

    Multilog LX2 is a highly versatile, battery-powered cellular data logger that incorporates a convenient serial input that supports compatibility with various sensors and meters, including Modbus.

    A powerful fast logging solution, Multilog LX2 delivers effective data recording and efficient transmission.

  • Antibody drug conjugates ADCs GettyImages-1715913285
    Antibody-Drug Conjugate

    EirGenix provides client-oriented contract development and manufacturing services for biologics, especially monoclonal antibodies and biosimilars. Combining the capabilities of EirGenix’s strategic partner, Formosa Laboratories, Inc, a high potency API manufacturer, we offer integrated services for Antibody Drug Conjugate (ADC) development and manufacturing.

  • GettyImages-1394004470 ovarian cancer
    Oncology Consulting Solutions

    Access specialized data and expertise to help navigate all stages of product development and support your success in oncology.

  • flygt-n-pump
    Flygt N-technology Pump Series For Water And Wastewater

    Our Flygt N-pumps (2.2hp - 870hp) are designed to handle the world’s toughest water and wastewater applications. And with our Adaptive N® technology in all smaller pumps, you get a superior way to avoid clogging, reduce unplanned maintenance and cut your energy bills. That adds up to total peace of mind – and big savings over the long term.

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About Nutrient Removal

Nutrient removal from wastewater consists of treating wastewater to remove nitrogen and phosphorus before it reenters natural waterways. High levels of nitrogen and phosphorus in wastewater cause eutrophication, a process where excess nutrients stimulate excessive plant growth such as algal blooms and cyanobacteria. The decomposition of the algae by bacteria uses up the oxygen in the water causing other organisms to die. This creates more organic matter for the bacteria to decompose. In addition, some algal blooms can produce toxins that contaminate drinking water supplies.

As authorized by the Clean Water Act, the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit program regulates point sources, such as municipal wastewater treatment plants, that discharge pollutants as effluent into the waters of the United States. In recent years, many of the States’ environmental bodies have lowered nutrient limits to arrest eutrophication. Maryland’s effort to protect the Chesapeake Bay and its tidal tributaries is perhaps the most notable example of nutrient removal in the US. Nutrient removal continues to be a growing area of focus for wastewater treatment throughout the world.   

The removal of nitrogen and phosphorus require different nutrient removal processes. To remove nitrogen, the nitrogen is oxidized from ammonia to become nitrate through a process called nitrification. This process is then followed by denitrification where the nitrate is reduced to nitrogen gas which is released to the atmosphere and removed from the wastewater.

Nitrification is a two-step aerobic process which typically takes place in aeration tanks. Denitrification requires anoxic conditions to encourage the appropriate biological conditions to form. The activated sludge process is often used to reduce nitrate to nitrogen gas in anoxic or denitrification tanks.

Phosphorus can be removed biologically using polyphosphate accumulating organisms (PAOs) which accumulate large quantities of phosphorus within their cells and separate it from treated water. Phosphorus removal can also be achieved by chemical removal. Once removed as sludge, phosphorus may be stored in a land fill. However, many municipalities and treatment facilities are looking to resell the biosolids for use in fertilizer.