RFICs

PRODUCTS

  • Marki Microwave waveguide twists provide accurate offsets and directional changes for waveguide transmission lines and are built with high precision and then gold plated for high corrosion resistance.

  • PHCbi brand’s LabSVIFT® IoT lab management solution is designed to provide real-time visibility and control of laboratory equipment and environments across single or multiple facilities. This cloud-based platform enables centralized monitoring, customizable alerts, and secure data access via a web-based dashboard. The new health check* function continuously evaluates equipment performance, identifies irregularities, and provides recommended corrective actions to maintain optimal operation. The system supports FDA 21 CFR Part 11 compliance and is compatible with select PHCbi and third-party devices. *health check function compatibility varies by model

  • CPI EDB presents the VSS3607 GaN solid state power amplifier (SSPAs) operating in the S-band (2.7 – 2.9 GHz). These high efficiency, high power, compact amplifiers are easy to maintain, and are designed for use in air surveillance radar applications.

  • The leading GIS-centric solution for permitting, licensing and land management—designed to simplify workflows for customers and staff. Improve public services and cross-team collaboration with a digital solution that keeps pace with the changes in your community.

  • When applied to plant influents, hydrogen peroxide destroys dissolved and/or total sulfide that otherwise scavenges Fe3+ added for CEPT and/or chemical phosphorus removal from wastewater. The foundational aspect of this PRI-TECH application (called PRI-CEPT) is that one lb of total sulfide theoretically consumes 3.5 lbs Fe3+ and thus represents an additional cost of $2 – 3 per lb influent sulfide.

WHITE PAPERS AND CASE STUDIES

NEWS

ABOUT

 

About Nutrient Removal

Nutrient removal from wastewater consists of treating wastewater to remove nitrogen and phosphorus before it reenters natural waterways. High levels of nitrogen and phosphorus in wastewater cause eutrophication, a process where excess nutrients stimulate excessive plant growth such as algal blooms and cyanobacteria. The decomposition of the algae by bacteria uses up the oxygen in the water causing other organisms to die. This creates more organic matter for the bacteria to decompose. In addition, some algal blooms can produce toxins that contaminate drinking water supplies.

As authorized by the Clean Water Act, the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit program regulates point sources, such as municipal wastewater treatment plants, that discharge pollutants as effluent into the waters of the United States. In recent years, many of the States’ environmental bodies have lowered nutrient limits to arrest eutrophication. Maryland’s effort to protect the Chesapeake Bay and its tidal tributaries is perhaps the most notable example of nutrient removal in the US. Nutrient removal continues to be a growing area of focus for wastewater treatment throughout the world.   

The removal of nitrogen and phosphorus require different nutrient removal processes. To remove nitrogen, the nitrogen is oxidized from ammonia to become nitrate through a process called nitrification. This process is then followed by denitrification where the nitrate is reduced to nitrogen gas which is released to the atmosphere and removed from the wastewater.

Nitrification is a two-step aerobic process which typically takes place in aeration tanks. Denitrification requires anoxic conditions to encourage the appropriate biological conditions to form. The activated sludge process is often used to reduce nitrate to nitrogen gas in anoxic or denitrification tanks.

Phosphorus can be removed biologically using polyphosphate accumulating organisms (PAOs) which accumulate large quantities of phosphorus within their cells and separate it from treated water. Phosphorus removal can also be achieved by chemical removal. Once removed as sludge, phosphorus may be stored in a land fill. However, many municipalities and treatment facilities are looking to resell the biosolids for use in fertilizer.