RFICs
PRODUCTS
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Many owners and installers prefer the strength and simplicity of HDSS Pipe and Fittings. The joint is integrally restrained which gives it four advantages:
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The C20-1500WG is a high-performance WR-15 waveguide directional coupler engineered for precision measurement and signal monitoring in millimeter-wave systems.
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Learn how robust in-house analytical services and protein characterization are crucial for successful development and manufacturing programs.
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Take advantage of our end-to-end DMPK expertise for optimizing compounds from discovery through IND filing for small and large molecules
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Automate the entire cell culture process to improve workflows and make assays more reliable and reproducible.
WHITE PAPERS AND CASE STUDIES
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How Optina Diagnostics Used EDC In Earlier Disease Detection
Understand how Optina Diagnostics streamlined operations and achieved significant milestones by leveraging Castor's tools in its effort to revolutionize the diagnostic process for Alzheimer’s.
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Cutting Costs, Not Corners: How PRI-TECH® Transformed Biosolids Odor Control At Bergen Point WWTP
The Suffolk County Department of Public Works tested the effectiveness and cost-efficiency of PRI-TECH® in controlling odors at a wastewater treatment plant. The technology successfully treated odors and reduced operating costs.
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Global Omnium: Transforming From Conventional To Smart Water
Lessons learned from building one of the largest smart meter networks in Europe.
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Organizational Assessment For A Large MedTech Company
Explore an organizational assessment run for a medical technology company specializing in tissue repair and regeneration, and the actionable recommendations provided to facilitate future growth.
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Bringing A Device From Concept To Market
Within three years, see how this company was able to achieve FDA approval and CE Marking, facilitating its entry into the U.S. and EU markets.
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Sleep Assessment In Sleep Disorders
Discover how continuous, objective monitoring in a home environment captures sleep improvements that traditional lab-based snapshots often miss, ensuring more accurate clinical outcomes.
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Aquatic Invasive Species Control At Gavins Point Dam
In this case study, read about how the US Army Corp of Engineers installed Hydro-Optic UV systems at Gavins Point Dam to protect turbines from invasive species. The system uses UV light to disinfect and has a TIR-based design for increased effectiveness.
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Yorkshire Water Reduces Leaks By 57%, Eliminating 30% Of Annual Distribution Main Repairs
Yorkshire Water Services (YWS) is a leading UK water utility that serves nearly 5.5 million people and has a well-deserved reputation as a progressive and proactive utility. Their belief that innovation is one of the key driving forces that allows utilities to deliver better services to their customers while keeping costs down has led them to always seek out new ways to improve their operations both now and in the future.
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What Unified eCOA And IRT Can Unlock
See how real-time scoring and automated eligibility checks helped a global dermatology study reduce site burden, avoid manual errors, and move participants through screening with greater speed.
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Developing A Project Management Office (PMO) At A Small Manufacturing Site
Discover how implementing a Project Management Office transformed a small manufacturing site into a high-performing, strategic asset within a global network.
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Life Sciences Corporation Implements eLogbooks Across 15 Sites
New regulations challenged how surgical kits were tracked and processed across 15 U.S. sites. Discover how one team balanced compliance and efficiency to keep life-saving procedures on schedule.
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Transforming PSP Enrollment To Enhance User Experiences And Optimize Workflows
Lengthy enrollment calls burden patients and PSP teams alike. See how a digital-first intake approach cut onboarding time and improved outcomes for everyone involved.
NEWS
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Redex Preloaded Systems Deliver Precise Positioning For Machine Tools1/16/2025
Redex is pleased to announce its patented DualDRIVE and TwinDRIVE preloading technologies now give CNC machine designers several ways to build a zero backlash system.
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Consulta Remedios Selects Kevel's Retail Media Cloud To Power Its Next-Generation Advertising Platform5/2/2025
Kevel, the leading provider of API-based retail media ad serving technology, today announced that Consulta Remédios, Brazil's largest medicine price comparison platform, has selected Kevel's Retail Media Cloud to power the development and enhancement of its in-house retail media network.
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Stoichiometric Crystal Shows Promise In Quantum Memory7/7/2025
For over two decades, physicists have been working toward implementing quantum light storage—also known as quantum memory—in various matter systems.
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Smarter Dentistry Starts Here: Muskan.AI Enhances Diagnostics, Imaging & Patient Care5/19/2025
Muskan.AI, a pioneer in the application of artificial intelligence to dentistry, has reached several key milestones in its mission to transform dental care through intelligent, accessible, and clinician-focused technology.
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How Lakes Connect To Groundwater Critical For Resilience To Climate Change7/9/2025
The study drew on data from 350 lakes across 18 European countries, collected between 2022 and 2024, to provide a comprehensive picture of how the continent’s lakes are coping with climate change.
ABOUT
About Nutrient Removal
Nutrient removal from wastewater consists of treating wastewater to remove nitrogen and phosphorus before it reenters natural waterways. High levels of nitrogen and phosphorus in wastewater cause eutrophication, a process where excess nutrients stimulate excessive plant growth such as algal blooms and cyanobacteria. The decomposition of the algae by bacteria uses up the oxygen in the water causing other organisms to die. This creates more organic matter for the bacteria to decompose. In addition, some algal blooms can produce toxins that contaminate drinking water supplies.
As authorized by the Clean Water Act, the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit program regulates point sources, such as municipal wastewater treatment plants, that discharge pollutants as effluent into the waters of the United States. In recent years, many of the States’ environmental bodies have lowered nutrient limits to arrest eutrophication. Maryland’s effort to protect the Chesapeake Bay and its tidal tributaries is perhaps the most notable example of nutrient removal in the US. Nutrient removal continues to be a growing area of focus for wastewater treatment throughout the world.
The removal of nitrogen and phosphorus require different nutrient removal processes. To remove nitrogen, the nitrogen is oxidized from ammonia to become nitrate through a process called nitrification. This process is then followed by denitrification where the nitrate is reduced to nitrogen gas which is released to the atmosphere and removed from the wastewater.
Nitrification is a two-step aerobic process which typically takes place in aeration tanks. Denitrification requires anoxic conditions to encourage the appropriate biological conditions to form. The activated sludge process is often used to reduce nitrate to nitrogen gas in anoxic or denitrification tanks.
Phosphorus can be removed biologically using polyphosphate accumulating organisms (PAOs) which accumulate large quantities of phosphorus within their cells and separate it from treated water. Phosphorus removal can also be achieved by chemical removal. Once removed as sludge, phosphorus may be stored in a land fill. However, many municipalities and treatment facilities are looking to resell the biosolids for use in fertilizer.