RFICs
PRODUCTS
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![GettyImages-1327977866-cell-culture-sample-laboratory]( "Development Solutions For Biologics CHO CLD Platforms")
Aragen offers choice of CLD platforms, efficient Upstream and Downstream process development
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![GettyImages-2155531148 electronic data, ePRO, eCOA]( "eCOA / ePRO")
Empower participants, clinicians, and observers. Enable convenient and accurate outcome reporting, enhancing data quality and study efficiency with electronic patient reported outcomes (ePRO) and electronic clinical outcome assessments (eCOA).
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![Ecolab - cleanroom]( "Optimize Your Contamination Control Strategy")
An optimized and effective Contamination Control Strategy (CCS) helps you organization spend less time cleaning and more time manufacturing. Ecolab Life Sciences experts are dedicated to helping you drive the best possible strategy to meet and exceed the GMO Annex 1 CCS requirements.
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![Research laboratory microscope-GettyImages-1564542843]( "Formulation Development Solutions")
Accelerate your drug development with our comprehensive pre-formulation, formulation, and novel delivery system expertise, tailored to optimize physical form, enhance solubility, and support scale-up.
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![Natoli - CT Scan_450x300]( "Precision CT Scan Services: Uncovering Flaws For Flawless Tablets")
At Natoli, we know that quality is paramount. Our cutting‐edge Precision CT Scan Service is designed to detect even the subtlest imperfections in tablets, ensuring you achieve the highest standards of quality every time.
WHITE PAPERS AND CASE STUDIES
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![Koerber - catalent]( "Why A Leading Manufacturing Partner Chose NeoTOP Packaging Machines")
Why A Leading Manufacturing Partner Chose NeoTOP Packaging MachinesLearn how a leading CDMO partnered with Körber to quickly deploy a high-speed packaging solution to meet tight production deadlines in the face of a global pandemic.
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![Axine-electraCLEAR]( "Achieving Complete Destruction Of PFAS Using electraCLEAR Process")
Achieving Complete Destruction Of PFAS Using electraCLEAR ProcessIn early 2023, Lacks Enterprises Inc., a large automotive component supplier in the midwestern US, engaged Axine to address destruction of legacy PFAS compounds in wastewater from its manufacturing processes.
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![phoenix-project]( "AMERICAN SpiralWeld Pipe Delivers For City Of Phoenix Drought Pipeline Project")
AMERICAN SpiralWeld Pipe Delivers For City Of Phoenix Drought Pipeline ProjectPhoenix’s Drought Pipeline Project, supported by AMERICAN SpiralWeld Pipe, secures clean water for North Phoenix, delivering up to 75 million gallons daily and earning top industry awards.
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![GettyImages-1251666666 team of dcotors clinical]( "FSP And IVD Clinical Trials")
FSP And IVD Clinical TrialsThis study highlights the benefits of ProPharma's FSP services for clinical trials, including scalability, risk reduction, cost savings, and timely delivery.
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![GettyImages-184960936 fayetteville]( "The City Of Fayetteville's Flood Resiliency In The Face Of Climate Change: Mapping 15 Watersheds")
The City Of Fayetteville's Flood Resiliency In The Face Of Climate Change: Mapping 15 WatershedsThe city of Fayetteville, North Carolina has always had flooding issues, but it’s been getting worse as weather patterns have been changing. They were hit four years in a row by storms Matthew (2016), Irma (2017), Florence (2018), and Dorian (2019).
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![Doctor Using Digital Tablet GettyImages-1530254515]( "How Vanguard Clinical Harnesses CDMS/EDC For Faster Results")
How Vanguard Clinical Harnesses CDMS/EDC For Faster ResultsUncover how this CRO was able to stay agile by choosing a CDMS/EDC partner that prioritized sponsor needs and streamlined operations to achieve top-tier results swiftly.
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![AquaNereda system at Wolcott WWTP]( "AquaNereda Provides The Lowest Total Cost Of Ownership For 10x Capacity Increase And Nutrient Removal Limits")
AquaNereda Provides The Lowest Total Cost Of Ownership For 10x Capacity Increase And Nutrient Removal LimitsThe Wolcott Wastewater Treatment Plant in Kansas City chose the AquaNereda technology for its capacity and cost benefits. The system improved nutrient removal and met permit requirements.
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![AI Robotic brain-GettyImages-2210997075]( "Changing The Clinical Feasibility Game With AI")
Changing The Clinical Feasibility Game With AIAI is only as good as the data it’s built upon. Our customized AI platforms are constructed on a foundation of trustworthy, carefully curated data to produce detailed, expert-driven responses.
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![ashland-water-intake]( "AMERICAN And Partners Install Boltless Restrained Underwater Pipeline System In Ashland, Wisconsin")
AMERICAN And Partners Install Boltless Restrained Underwater Pipeline System In Ashland, WisconsinBeneath the waters of Chequamegon Bay on Lake Superior in Ashland, Wisconsin, about 4,500 feet of 24-inch AMERICAN Flex-Ring Ductile Iron Pipe and a submerged timber crib intake structure were installed to ensure the city’s residents have quality drinking water for the next 100 years. The Ashland Water Intake Project began May 1, 2025, and is now complete.
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![SUS - Image_Case_study_automating_450x300]( "Automating The Process Of Filling Media Into Bottles")
Automating The Process Of Filling Media Into BottlesLearn how a vaccine manufacturer using a wide range of containers for media and buffer filling was able to increase efficiency by 70% with an automated closed-system solution.
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![GettyImages-1640542394-laptop-table-typing-documents]( "5 Must-Haves For Electronic Batch Records In Life Sciences")
5 Must-Haves For Electronic Batch Records In Life SciencesCompanies still relying on paper-based manufacturing are falling behind. Examine how digital transformation boosts efficiency and reduces errors in this essential shift toward smarter operations.
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![240327_BMJ1L8A6473]( "Leveraging Single-Use Solutions To Solve Working Cell Bank Challenges")
Leveraging Single-Use Solutions To Solve Working Cell Bank ChallengesDiscover how custom manifolds enhance allogeneic therapy development from formulation to commercialization by improving process control, scalability, and efficiency.
NEWS
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Drawing Inspiration From Ancient Chemical Reactions3/20/2025
To help find solutions to the planet’s climate crisis, MIT Associate Professor Daniel Suess is looking to Earth’s ancient past.
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New Technology Tracks Dairy Cows For Improved Health And Productivity1/30/2025
As dairy farmers dwindle every year, the demand for high-quality milk remains steadfast, driving a surge in dairy farming.
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New Land Grant Research Detects Dicamba Damage From The Sky7/9/2025
Drones can now detect subtle soybean canopy damage from dicamba at one ten-thousandth of the herbicide’s label rate — simulating vapor drift — eight days after application.
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Puraffinity Signs First Commercial Agreement For Full-Scale Deployment Of Its PFAS Removal Technology6/2/2025
The agreement was signed with Envytech Solutions, the leading expert in mobile water treatment in the Nordic region and a member of the Sortera Group, which operates across the Nordics and the UK.
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Masdar And Iberdrola Announce €5.2B UK Offshore Wind Deal And Full Energization Of 476MW German Offshore Wind Farm7/10/2025
Masdar, a global clean energy leader, and Iberdrola, one of the world’s largest energy companies, have reached two major milestones with a €5.2B co-investment in the UK’s East Anglia THREE offshore wind farm – the largest offshore wind transaction of the decade – and the full energization of their 476MW Baltic Eagle project in Germany.
ABOUT
About Nutrient Removal
Nutrient removal from wastewater consists of treating wastewater to remove nitrogen and phosphorus before it reenters natural waterways. High levels of nitrogen and phosphorus in wastewater cause eutrophication, a process where excess nutrients stimulate excessive plant growth such as algal blooms and cyanobacteria. The decomposition of the algae by bacteria uses up the oxygen in the water causing other organisms to die. This creates more organic matter for the bacteria to decompose. In addition, some algal blooms can produce toxins that contaminate drinking water supplies.
As authorized by the Clean Water Act, the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit program regulates point sources, such as municipal wastewater treatment plants, that discharge pollutants as effluent into the waters of the United States. In recent years, many of the States’ environmental bodies have lowered nutrient limits to arrest eutrophication. Maryland’s effort to protect the Chesapeake Bay and its tidal tributaries is perhaps the most notable example of nutrient removal in the US. Nutrient removal continues to be a growing area of focus for wastewater treatment throughout the world.
The removal of nitrogen and phosphorus require different nutrient removal processes. To remove nitrogen, the nitrogen is oxidized from ammonia to become nitrate through a process called nitrification. This process is then followed by denitrification where the nitrate is reduced to nitrogen gas which is released to the atmosphere and removed from the wastewater.
Nitrification is a two-step aerobic process which typically takes place in aeration tanks. Denitrification requires anoxic conditions to encourage the appropriate biological conditions to form. The activated sludge process is often used to reduce nitrate to nitrogen gas in anoxic or denitrification tanks.
Phosphorus can be removed biologically using polyphosphate accumulating organisms (PAOs) which accumulate large quantities of phosphorus within their cells and separate it from treated water. Phosphorus removal can also be achieved by chemical removal. Once removed as sludge, phosphorus may be stored in a land fill. However, many municipalities and treatment facilities are looking to resell the biosolids for use in fertilizer.