TEST & MEASUREMENT APPLICATION NOTES AND WHITE PAPERS

• VSWR Conversion To Reflected Power

  VSWR measures how efficiently RF power is transmitted through a load, with high VSWR indicating poor efficiency. Explore VSWR's relation to return loss, reflection coefficient, and mismatch loss.

• RF Amplifier Output Voltage, Current, Power, And Impedance Relationship

  How much output voltage, current, and power can you expect from your amplifier? In rare cases, this can be answered by applying Ohm’s law, assuming that the net power or power delivered to the load is the rated power output of the amplifier. In most cases, practical issues such as VSWR and forward power concerns must be considered before applying Ohm’s law. This application note addresses this issue and discusses an approach to be used that applies actual test data when calculating output parameters.

• An Introduction To Direction Finding Methodologies

  All direction finding methodologies are meant to determine the physical or geographical location of a source of radio frequency energy. The choice of an appropriate direction finding methodology to use for a given application is largely a function of the target signal's characteristics, such as frequency and modulation, but is also influenced by the propagation environment as well as cost and complexity.  Recent advances in the development of hybrid direction finding methodologies attempt to overcome some of these restrictions and increase accuracy by using a combination of methodologies.

• VCO Measurements With FSPN Phase Noise Analyzer

  This application note provides a short technical introduction to voltage-controlled oscillators and explains the most common and the most important measurements made during the VCO characterization process.

• AC-DC Converter Testing Fundamentals

  AC-DC conversion stage in front of any electronic equipment is needed. For this purpose, different solutions exist to convert the higher AC voltage to a lower and safe DC voltage.