TEST & MEASUREMENT APPLICATION NOTES AND WHITE PAPERS

• Transmit And Receive Testing Of Digital Waveforms Using R&S®CMA180

  The compact R&S®CMA180 Radio Test Set allows straightforward tests on devices that use analog or digital modulation and demodulation formats. This application note focuses on the use of the digital radio capabilities for measurements on radio transceiving devices in terms of their functionality and parameter characterization. Also shown is how to use the instrument with the various software tools available from Rohde & Schwarz for creating and evaluating digitally modulated signals.

• Design Of A Complete RF Downconverter Module For Test Equipment

   The example module and its constituent parts were designed and simulated with AWR Design Environment software using circuit- and system-level analyses. The integration of the downconverter within a mechanical outline influences the layout of the individual radio blocks.

• Speeding Up Reflection Measurements On Antenna Systems

  Reflection measurements are a common way of assessing antenna system performance. When a minimum amount of the transmitted signal is reflected, it indicates that the transmission energy can reach the intended coverage. Undesired high reflection causes the system to be inefficient and can damage components. This application note presents solutions for aiding fast and efficient reflection measurements on antenna systems to get it right the first time.

• Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR) Explained

  Explore the evolution of VSWR from its humble beginnings in telegraph lines to its vital role in modern RF engineering, illuminating its practical applications and underlying principles.

• Accurate Test Fixture Characterization And De-Embedding

  This application note provides practical hints to accurately characterize and de-embed these lead-in and lead-out structures with R&S Vector Network Analyzers ZNA, ZNB, ZNBT and ZND.