TEST & MEASUREMENT APPLICATION NOTES AND WHITE PAPERS

• Design Of A Complete RF Downconverter Module For Test Equipment

   The example module and its constituent parts were designed and simulated with AWR Design Environment software using circuit- and system-level analyses. The integration of the downconverter within a mechanical outline influences the layout of the individual radio blocks.

• Circuit Models For Plastic Packaged Microwave Diodes

  This paper reports on the measurement and establishment of circuit models for SOT-23 and SOD-323 packaged diodes. Results indicate that the 1.5 nH estimate for the SOT-23 is a useful result, as is 1.2 nH for SOD-323 single packaged diodes. It was also determined that the effective inductance of the SOT-23 may be reduced to approximately 0.4 nH by adding a second bond wire and modifying the microstrip line. Other lead configurations, including parallel bond wires and common cathode configurations, were also studied.

• How To Analyze Passive Low Frequency Components With A Rohde & Schwarz Oscilloscope

  This white paper presents a technique for easily and quickly analyzing low frequency response on an oscilloscope with the R&S®RTx-K36 frequency response analysis (Bode plot) option, which uses the oscilloscope’s built-in waveform generator to create stimulus signals ranging from 10 Hz to 25 MHz.

• Field Probe Correction Factors

  To better achieve accurate field level measurements, it is helpful to have an understanding of field probe calibrations, the factors generated, and what’s presented as data during testing. This application note presents how to utilize the factors presented for inclusion into test data, how to generate composite measurements, and why calibrations are performed at selected frequencies.

• DPX® Acquisition Technology For Spectrum Analyzers Fundamentals

  Signal detection is the first step in characterizing, diagnosing, understanding, and resolving any problem that relates to time-variant signals. Engineers are requiring better tools to help find and interpret complex signal behaviors and interactions. The Tektronix Digital Phosphor technology, or DPX®, can be used in Real-Time Spectrum Analyzers (RSAs) to reveal signal details that are completely missed by conventional spectrum analyzers and vector signal analyzers. This white paper describes the methods behind the DPX Live RF spectrum display, swept DPX, Time-Domain DPX Displays, DPX Density™ measurements, DPX Density™ and Frequency Edge triggers.